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KMID : 0390320210310020001
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Chungbuk Medical Journal
2021 Volume.31 No. 2 p.1 ~ p.8
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Levels of PAH metabolites in residents living near Cheongju industrial complex
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Kim Jin-Hyeok
Im Su-Bin
Choi Jane
Seong Ji-Yeong
Lee Da-Yoon
Kim Yong-Dae
Kim Heon
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Abstract
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Objective: Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are representative harmful substances generated in industrial complexes and are correlated with the occurrence of various diseases, including cancer. However, few studies have been conducted evaluating the level of exposure to PAHs among residents living near industrial complexes in Korea. In this study, the PAH exposure level of residents living near the Cheongju industrial complex was evaluated and compared to the control group.
Materials and methods: This study used the results from the “Environmental Pollution Exposure and Health Impact Monitoring in Cheongju Industrial Complex -Phase 2” conducted from 2012 to 2015. The study subjects were composed of residents living near the Cheongju industrial complex area (within a radius of 3 km) and residents of the control area (over 7 km). A total of 4,190 individuals participated in this study. Urine was collected from the study participants, and lifestyle information such as demographic characteristics, place of residence, and drinking and smoking history were collected through a direct questionnaire. Urine metabolite was analyzed by GC-MS and adjusted by the urine creatinine concentration. Differences in general characteristics and urinary metabolite concentration between the subject groups was analyzed using Student's t-test or chi-square test. In addition, multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify factors affecting the concentration of various PAH metabolites.
Results: The concentration of all urinary PAH metabolites in the residents of the industrial complex was statistically significantly higher than in the control area. After performing multiple regression analysis, which corrected for various factors that may affect the concentration of PAH metabolites in urine, it was further shown that concentrations of 2-naphthol, 1-hydroxypyrene, and 1-hydroxyphenanthrene were significantly higher in residents of the industrial complex than residents of the control area. In the case of 2-hydroxyfluorene, the factor of residing in the industrial complex area showed only marginal significance.
Conclusion: The residents living near Cheongju industrial complex had a statistically significantly higher levels of exposure to PAHs than those in the control area. These results suggest that residents near this industrial complex can be considered a vulnerable group, with a relatively high risk of cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and cancer, which are all closely related to exposure to PAHs. Therefore, active monitoring and prevention programs for chronic diseases are required for people living in the Cheongju industrial complex.
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KEYWORD
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Industrial complex, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, general population
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